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Archangel's avatar

Dear Evolved Psyché,

I have started to read your substack from its inception because you are the only person I chanced upon that makes good use of the Italian realist school. Your approach is original and thoughtful. Some brief comments on your understand of it.

In France and Italy coexist two competing elites : the Catholic and the Masonic. The Italian elitist school started out as an effort to understand how the Catholic elite was kept out of power in a democracy in countries where 75% and 95% of the population is Catholic and supports the policies of the Catholic elite when asked on specific topics. The elite in the anglo-saxon countries is unified hence the introduction of the notion of surplus elite by Turchin. This surplus does exist in France and Italy but plays a minor role compared to the competition between the two elites in all arenas : political ,intellectual, cultural, economic.

The notion of political formula stems from the Italian "combinazione", the then publicly observable arrangement of state policy by the factions in power and its cladding in pro- and contra- forms that ensure its long-term rooting. The formalisation of the "combinazione" proved very fruitful quite beyond its original meaning.

One chagrin that I have with your work is your use of the selfish gene and to a lesser extent evolutionary psychology. The selfish gene is simply wrong. The very notion is a misunderstanding of the role of a gene. It appeared in the era when it was observed that genes together make up only 1% to 20% of the DNA, the rest being relegated to the status of junk DNA. Anyone who learnt introductory genetics after 2000 has learnt better and cannot take such an idea seriously. Using this notion destroys your credibility instantly.

Evolutionary psychology misses a lot in its understanding of human nature. As far as I understand, it reduces the human to a drive for reproduction through the acquisition of resources and status. How does the love of and quest for diversity fit into this framework ? What about art and the quest for beauty ? Music and dancing are supposed to be indicators of fitness : really hard to believe. However the main problem with this approach is that it favours the sociable, gregarious, or "popular" in the American meaning the word. Those on the misanthropic scale should have been eliminated long ago : the solitary, lonesome, surly, gloomy, obstinate, peevish, heterodox characters. Yet all human populations have a significant share of such people.

I do believe in the notion of cultural-genetic co-evolution. It does have explanatory power. But one has to define its boundaries correctly; and that is hard.

Have you read the Master and his Emissary, by McGilchrist? It brings a number of insights into the human mind from psychiatric and neurological studies.

I look forward to your book. I am French and Catholic and part of the Catholic elite excluded from power. I am amused that you discovered the French (legitimist and) organicist school. 200 years of denigration and suppression but still around. There must be something to it. Michéa is a former Communist. That is how he became a university professor. Being curious and honest he started to inquire beyond the frame of his intellectual formation.

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Harrison Koehli's avatar

Ahh, good news. ;)

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